High blood pressure, also called hypertension, is one of the biggest risk factors of heart diseases including heart attack and stroke. It occurs when your blood pressure, which is the force of your blood pushing against the walls of your blood vessels, is consistently too high, explains the American Heart Association (AHA).
A normal blood pressure is considered to be less than 120/80 mmHg. If a person's blood pressure is consistently 140/90 mm Hg or higher, they could be diagnosed with high blood pressure.
However, the blood pressure range can fluctuate depending on several factors. Let's take a look at some of the things that can affect your blood pressure reading.
Check your blood pressure cuff; is it too small?
To have an accurate blood pressure reading, one must make sure they have the right blood pressure cuff size. Most blood pressure measurement errors occur when the patient's arm circumference does not fall within the range indicators on the cuff. This can increase a patient's systolic blood pressure measurement to 10 mmHg to 40 mmHg, studies suggest.Furthermore, avoid placing the cuff over a clothing and position it right over the arm or it could again give a wrong reading.
Stress and anxiety can affect your reading
Stress and anxiety can significantly influence your blood pressure reading. Due to the spike in cortisol levels, the heart rate can go up, resulting in a higher blood pressure. Being at the doctor's office or having your blood pressure checked can increase stress and anxiety, which again can affect your blood pressure. The trick is to relax.
Not resting before blood pressure reading can impact the numbers
Before taking your blood pressure measurement, it is important to rest and relax for 3-5 minutes. Make yourself comfortable on a chair so as to obtain accurate blood pressure reading.
Crossed legs, unsupported arms, back and feet
While getting your blood pressure measured, you must sit yourself down on a comfortable chair where you can rest and support your arms, back and feet. Reportedly, if your back is not supported, it could increase your diastolic blood pressure measurement by 6 mmHg. In addition, sit with an uncrossed leg or it could raise your systolic blood pressure by 2 to 8 mmHg.
Smoking, drinking, and before measurement
There are certain activities that you should avoid doing before getting your blood pressure measured. For instance, smoking and alcohol consumption can increase your systolic blood pressure measurement. Furthermore, talking while having your blood pressure taken can increase systolic blood pressure measurement by 10 to 15mmHg, studies suggest.
A full bladder
Interestingly, your blood pressure is lower when your bladder is empty. A full bladder can lead to an increased blood pressure reading. It can add up to 10 to 15 points. This is why you should always visit a restroom before getting your blood pressure measured.
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