The study shows that one in 3 Type 2 diabetic adults show undiagnosed heart disease.
One-third of Type 2 diabetic adults may have undiagnosed cardiovascular disease. In persons with
Type 2 diabetes compared to those without Type 2 diabetes, elevated levels of two protein
biomarkers that signify heart damage were linked to undiagnosed or symptomless cardiovascular
disease.
Study shows that the ability to chew properly helps improve blood sugar levels in Type 2 diabetes
patients.
The findings of the study published in the Journal of the American Heart Association, an open
access, peer-reviewed journal of the American Heart Association.
To detect heart damage and stress, tests for high-sensitivity cardiac troponin T and N-terminal pro-
B-type natriuretic peptide are utilised. These exams are frequently used to identify heart failure
and heart attacks. The risk of future heart failure, coronary heart disease, or mortality may be
increased by mildly higher concentrations of these proteins in the blood, which may be an early
indicator of changes in the structure and function of the heart.
"What we are seeing is that many people with Type 2 diabetes who have not had a heart attack or
a history of cardiovascular disease are at high risk for cardiovascular complications," said study
co-author Elizabeth Selvin, Ph.D., M.P.H., a professor of epidemiology at Johns Hopkins
Bloomberg School of Public Health in Baltimore. "When we look at the whole population of
people diagnosed with Type 2 diabetes, about 27 million adults in the U.S., according to the CDC,
some are at low risk and some are at high risk for cardiovascular disease, so the open question is
"Who is most at risk?" These cardiac biomarkers give us a window into cardiovascular risk in
people who otherwise might not be recognized as highest risk."
Researchers analyzed health information and blood samples for more than 10,300 adults collected
as part of the U.S. National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey from 1999 to 2004. The aim
was to determine if the previously unrecognized cardiovascular disease with no symptoms could
be determined by elevated levels of the cardiac protein biomarkers among people with and without
Type 2 diabetes. Study participants had reported no history of cardiovascular disease when they
enrolled in the study.
Using stored blood samples from all study participants, researchers measured levels of two cardiac
biomarkers. Mortality statistics were collected from the National Death Index. After adjusting for
age, race, income and cardiovascular risk factors, they assessed the associations among elevated
troponin and N-terminal pro-B-type natriuretic peptide with risk of death from cardiovascular
death or all causes.
"Cholesterol is often the factor that we target to reduce the risk of cardiovascular disease in people
with Type 2 diabetes. However, Type 2 diabetes may have a direct effect on the heart not related
to cholesterol levels. If Type 2 diabetes is directly causing damage to the small vessels in the heart
unrelated to cholesterol plaque buildup, then cholesterol-lowering medications are not going to
prevent cardiac damage," Selvin said. "Our research suggests that additional non-statin-related
therapies are needed to lower the cardiovascular disease risk in people with Type 2 diabetes."
Much research has focused on studying how traditional risk factors such as high blood pressure
and cholesterol impact cardiovascular health, however, new evidence suggests that screening for
certain cardiac biomarkers should be added to routine assessment of traditional cardiovascular risk
factors.
"The biomarkers analyzed in this study are very powerful in systematically categorizing patients
based on their health status. Measuring biomarkers more routinely may help us focus on
cardiovascular prevention therapies for people with Type 2 diabetes who are at higher risk," she
added.
https://www.hindustantimes.com/lifestyle/health/1-in-3-adults-with-type-2-diabetes-haveundetected-
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