Of late, a lot is being discussed about prediabetes. As the name is, prediabetes happens just before the onset of diabetes, a metabolic disorder that has millions of people in its grip currently. Lack of awareness, underdiagnosis, and overlooking the symptoms of the disease are the main reasons why people are not aware of prediabetes when they should be and why it transitions to diabetes without giving any hint.
Dr. Rahul Baxi, Consultant Diabetologist, Bombay Hospital explains in a tweet: When glucose levels don’t meet the criteria for Diabetes but are still high to be considered normal. Includes
1. IFG - Impaired Fasting glucose - FPG 100-125 mg%
2. IGT (75 gm OGTT)- Impaired Glucose Tolerance - 2 hr PG 140-199 mg%
3. HbA1C - 5.7-6.4%
Adults with overweight or obesity with first degree relative with diabetes, history of cardiovascular disease, hypertension (high BP), HDL < 35 mg% or TG > 250 mg%, women with PCOS, physical inactivity, insulin resistance association should get tested for prediabetes or diabetes, he explains in the series of tweets.
Prediabetes is frequently asymptomatic, which means that a person might fail to notice any symptoms. The risk factors like obesity, sedentary lifestyle, lack of sufficient physical activity, and consumption of various carbohydrate, and fat, in excess amount, leads to pre-diabetes. Certain markers in the body, such as Acanthosis nigricans, along with various other indicators, can help identify individuals with a genetic background or a family history of prediabetes. These multiple aspects aids in determining whether a patient may be at risk of developing prediabetes,” explains Dr. Saibal Chakravorty, Senior Consultant - Internal Medicine, Metro Hospitals & Heart Institute, Noida.
Obesity or increased body weight, sedentary lifestyle, lack of physical activity, and intake of excess amount of fat and carbohydrate contribute to a faster transition, says Dr Chakravorty.
Dr Chakravorty highlights the common mistakes one makes and recommends precautions for them.
He explains: Precautions are extremely necessary. It is essential to encourage everyone to go ahead with the physical activity on a daily basis, and restrict their diet to the calories that are required as per their BMI, you can consult A dietician who will calculate the exact calorific value of the diet which is required for your body to keep the sugars under control.
“Apart from weight management, avoiding smoking and alcohol consumption, getting plenty of sleep, monitoring blood sugar levels at regular intervals and regular checkups are some precautionary steps one can take,” he says.
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