In winter, cold temperatures, reduced sunlight and changes in diet can influence thyroid function. Know what may raise risk of the disorder.
Winters
can throw your thyroid levels
out of gear. This happens because the cold temperature may increase metabolism
signalling the thyroid gland to produce more of hormones to regulate metabolic
activity. People who do not have a pre-existing thyroid issue may experience
slightly elevated TSH levels or subclinical hypothyroidism in winter. This can
result in symptoms like constipation, depression, slow movements,
brain fog, aches and pains, fatigue and feeling too cold. In winter, reduced
sunlight and changes in diet can also influence thyroid functions. Winter
diseases and depression may cause changes in hormones. Limiting processed food
and consuming wholegrains and seasonal vegetables and fruits can benefit thyroid
function and help you feel better.
"Hypothyroidism
in simple terms means your thyroid gland isn't making enough thyroid hormones.
Think of the thyroid as a car engine – if it doesn't produce sufficient fuel
(thyroid hormones), your body's processes slow down. Common symptoms include
fatigue, weight gain, feeling cold, and sluggishness. It's like your body's
energy thermostat is set too low," says Dr Anu Gaikwad, Consultant
Diabetologist & HOD Geriatric Medicine, DPU Super Specialty Hospital,
Pimpri, Pune
Why do thyroid hormones increase during the winter season?
During
winter, thyroid hormone levels can rise due to various factors.
"Cold
temperatures prompt the body to increase metabolic activity to maintain
internal warmth. This heightened metabolic rate can stimulate the thyroid gland
to produce more hormones, particularly thyroxine (T4) and triiodothyronine (T3),
which regulate metabolism. Reduced sunlight exposure in winter may also impact
the body's circadian rhythm, influencing thyroid function. Seasonal changes in
diet, with potential alterations in nutrient intake, can further contribute to
thyroid fluctuations. Additionally, winter illnesses and stressors may trigger
hormonal adjustments as the body responds to environmental challenges. While
these factors collectively influence thyroid hormone levels, individual
responses can vary," says Dr Gaikwad.
Who is at a risk of being most affected
by thyroid?
Thyroid
disorders can affect anyone, but certain factors may increase the risk. Women
are more prone than men, especially as they age. Dr Gaikwad shares more reasons
behind thyroid trouble.
· Individuals
with a family history of thyroid conditions face a higher risk, indicating a
genetic component.
· Autoimmune
diseases like Hashimoto's or Graves' disease can elevate susceptibility.
· Iodine
deficiency, prevalent in some regions, is a risk factor.
· Radiation
exposure, certain medications, and neck or thyroid surgeries may also
contribute. Pregnancy and postpartum periods increase the likelihood, as do
stress and other health conditions.
· Regular
check-ups are advisable, especially for those with risk factors, to monitor
thyroid health.
Side effects of
hypothyroidism
Having
hypothyroidism can potentially make you more prone to other health issues or
side effects. If not properly managed, it may lead to complications such as
heart problems, high cholesterol, and weight gain.
"Hypothyroidism
can also affect fertility and increase the risk of pregnancy complications.
Additionally, it may contribute to conditions like depression and cognitive
issues. Regular monitoring and appropriate treatment, usually involving thyroid
hormone replacement medication, are crucial to manage hypothyroidism
effectively and reduce the risk of associated health concerns. If you suspect
thyroid issues or experience symptoms, consulting a healthcare professional is
important for accurate diagnosis and tailored treatment," adds Dr Gaikwad.
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