Long-term exposure to antibiotics may significantly raise the risk of Parkinson's disease, finds a study.
To validate the findings on Asians, researchers
from the Seoul National University Hospital in South Korea examined 298,379
people aged 40 years and older who underwent a national health examination in
2004-2005.
The findings, published in the Neurology Clinical
Practice journal, showed that the risk of Parkinson's was statistically higher
(29 per cent higher) in people exposed to antibiotics for more than 121 days,
compared to those not exposed to antibiotics.
Further, compared to people exposed to antibiotics
for 1-14 days, those exposed to antibiotics for more than 121 days had a 37 per
cent higher risk of Parkinson's disease.
"Extended usage of antibiotics was linked to
a higher incidence of PD, even after controlling for several risk
variables," said the researchers while calling out for further research to
warrant the causation and mechanisms.
Parkinson's disease is a progressive neurologic
disorder that affects movement, causing tremors, stiffness, and balance issues.
In a post on X, Dr. Sudhir Kumar from
Indraprastha Apollo Hospitals, Hyderabad highlighted the role of the gut as the
potential reason behind the associations between antibiotics and Parkinson's
disease.
"Antibiotic use can alter the gut
microbiota. This alteration can last for several years. Antibiotics can alter
the gut-brain axis," Kumar said. He noted that antibiotics could also have
neurotoxic effects on the brain.
The neurologist suggested that antibiotics should
be used cautiously, given the potential harms of long-term antibiotic exposure.
Another recent study, published in the journal
Parkinsonism & Related Disorders, showed that treatment with two or more
courses of antifungals raised the risk of Parkinson's disease by 16 per cent.
On the other hand, people who received five or more
courses of penicillin antibiotic treatment had an approximately 15 per cent
lower risk of developing the disease.
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