HMPV cases reported in India: Here’s what you need to know

The Union Health Ministry reported that two infants, aged three months and eight months, tested positive for HMPV

India has confirmed two cases of human metapneumovirus (HMPV) in Bengaluru, Karnataka, amidst rising concerns in China. The Union Health Ministry reported that two infants, aged three months and eight months, tested positive for HMPV.

Malaysia reported 327 cases in 2024 against 225 cases in 2023. Despite the uptick in cases, China has not sounded a health emergency bell.

HMPV is a virus that causes mild infections in respiratory tracts similar to that caused by a common cold. The virus sees a surge during winter and early spring. According to the Health Ministry, children and elderly are more susceptible to the virus. The virus was first identified by scientists in 2001.

Symptoms

The symptoms resemble those caused by a common cold, which include cough, runny or blocked nose, sore throat and fever. The illness goes away on its own within five to six days of its onset, with rest and supportive care at home. In cases where patients develop bronchitis or pneumonia due to the virus, medical care is required.

Detection

Doctors conduct an HMPV PCR test to detect the virus’ genetic material. The other is rapid antigen test (RAT) that gives quick results but are less sensitive compared to PCR tests.

Treatment

There is no vaccine or specific antiviral to treat HMPV. People require over-the-counter medications suggested by doctors to relieve fever and pain.

Transmission of infection

HMPV spreads through contact with an infected person. This could be through hugging or shaking hands with the infected, secretions from cough, and touching objects that already have viruses on them.

Preventive measures

Medical experts suggest that regular handwashing with soap and water or using hand sanitisers, covering mouth and nose with a handkerchief when coughing or sneezing, avoiding close contact with individuals who showcase symptoms of respiratory illness and maintaining hygiene would avoid getting infected.

Government’s reaction

The Union Health Ministry said that it is closely monitoring the situation and there is no uptick in cases of respiratory illness. Karnataka health minister Dinesh Gundu Rao said HMPV is not new to India. He added that the state government will test more patients for respiratory illness through HMPV PCR.Virologist Gangandeep Kang said, “HMPV is an upper respiratory infection and the fever does not last long. The government has a stable surveillance system and it is not showing an increase in hospitalisations.”https://www.tribuneindia.com/news/health/hmpv-cases-reported-in-india-heres-what-you-need-to-know/