Norovirus outbreak in the US: Know all about the contagious stomach flu

Norovirus cases are rising in the US, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention has said. According to the most recent CDC data, more than 12% of tests for the virus was found to be positive in the week ending on Feb. 17. The week before that a little more than 11.5% of tests came back positive.

Norovirus, also known as the "stomach bug," is a highly contagious virus that causes gastroenteritis, inflammation of the stomach and intestines. It is the most common cause of acute gastroenteritis worldwide, leading to symptoms such as diarrhea, vomiting, nausea, and stomach cramps. Norovirus spreads easily through contaminated food, water, surfaces, and person-to-person contact. While norovirus infections are usually self-limiting and resolve within a few days, they can be severe, especially in young children, the elderly, and individuals with weakened immune systems. Proper hygiene and sanitation are crucial in preventing its spread.

Norovirus infection typically presents with symptoms of acute gastroenteritis, including sudden onset of diarrhea, vomiting, nausea, and stomach cramps.

Some individuals may also experience low-grade fever, headache, muscle aches, and fatigue. Symptoms typically develop 12 to 48 hours after exposure to the virus and can persist for 1 to 3 days. Norovirus infections are highly contagious, and individuals may continue to shed the virus in their stool for several days after symptoms resolve, posing a risk of transmission to others. Prompt diagnosis and management of symptoms, along with strict hygiene practices, are essential to prevent further spread of the viru Norovirus spreads primarily through the fecal-oral route, commonly through contaminated food, water, or surfaces. It can also spread through direct person-to-person contact, such as shaking hands with an infected individual or sharing items with them. Additionally, aerosolized particles of vomit or feces containing the virus can become airborne and infect others when inhaled. Norovirus is highly contagious, and even a small amount of the virus can cause infection. Outbreaks often occur in settings with close contact, such as healthcare facilities, cruise ships, schools, and restaurants. Proper hand hygiene, food safety measures, and disinfection of contaminated surfaces are critical in preventing its spread.

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Preventing norovirus infection involves practicing strict hygiene measures. Wash hands frequently with soap and water, especially after using the toilet, changing diapers, and before handling food. Disinfect surfaces regularly, particularly in high-risk environments like kitchens and bathrooms. Avoid close contact with infected individuals and contaminated objects. Ensure food safety by washing fruits and vegetables thoroughly, cooking seafood thoroughly, and avoiding consumption of raw or undercooked foods. If experiencing symptoms, stay home to prevent spreading the virus to others. These preventive measures are crucial in reducing the risk of norovirus transmission and outbreaks in communities and healthcare settings.

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