The medicine increases anti-cancer activity via altering
immune cells
The hematopoietic cell transplant team at Osaka
Metropolitan University Graduate School of Medicine has developed a novel
technique based on a new drug combination that has shown considerable
anti-cancer activity with low toxicity for relapsed/refractory acute myeloid
leukemia (AML) patients.
Furthermore, the precise
immunological study demonstrated how a novel medicine increased anti-cancer
activity via altering immune cells.
Relapsed/refractory
acute myeloid leukemia, also known as blood cancer, has an extremely poor
prognosis due to resistance to anticancer medicines and the patient’s organ
function. Allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation is a method of
anti-tumour immunotherapy that can have an anti-cancer impact but is associated
with substantial toxicity.
It is frequently used for
patients who are difficult to treat with chemotherapy but still relapse.
In research published in the Nature-affiliated Blood Cancer Journal, the
researchers describe their clinical observational analysis of 12 patients with
AML who relapsed following allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation and
were treated with venetoclax and azacitidine.
Venetoclax, an oral
medication approved by the FDA in October 2020 for AML, shows promising results
in older, untreated AML patients by inhibiting the BCL-2 protein to promote
cancer cell death.
A study by OMU
researchers demonstrated significantly better one-year survival rates for the
venetoclax combination therapy group (66.7 per cent) compared to a control group
(27.3 per cent). Immunological studies revealed that venetoclax-induced immune
cell alterations enhanced anti-tumor activity.
Dr Mitsutaka Nishimoto highlighted the potential of this novel therapy to
improve the prognosis of relapsed/refractory AML and reduce treatment burdens,
aiming for safer and more effective treatments.
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